Coronary heart disease is a chronic (long-lasting) disease. It affects the blood vessels that supply blood to your heart. It is also called coronary artery disease.
Coronary heart disease occurs when the arteries that supply your heart with blood become blocked. There is no one cause of coronary heart disease, but risk factors can increase your chance of developing the condition.
Coronary heart disease develops slowly. You may not experience any symptoms in the early stages of the disease. Many people only discover that they have coronary heart disease when they experience: chest pain (angina), a heart attack.
Coronary heart disease can cause serious complications which can be life threatening. As well as heart attack and angina, coronary heart disease may cause:
. arrhythmia — abnormal heart rhythms
. heart failure — weakening of the heart muscle
. ischaemic heart disease — lack of blood to the heart
Coronary heart disease is treated through a combination of lifestyle changes, medicines and sometimes surgery. This will not cure your coronary heart disease. However, it will reduce your symptoms and lessen your chance of having a heart attack in the future.
In some cases, you may need surgery to improve the blood flow to your heart. Surgical treatments include:
. angioplasty and stent implantation
. bypass surgery (coronary artery bypass graft surgery)
. implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
Angioplasty involves placing a small, inflated balloon in the blocked blood vessel. This clears the way for blood to flow through. After this, an expandable metal tube (stent) is left in place to keep the blood vessel open.
Cardiac bypass surgery can improve the blood flow to your heart and reduce chest pain (angina).
An ICD is a small device placed near your heart that detects and corrects abnormal heart rhythms.
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